The Guide to Command Terms for IB Chemistry

When it comes to tackling IB Chemistry, success isn’t just about memorising formulas or concepts—it often hinges on how effectively you respond to questions in line with what IB examiners are seeking. A crucial aspect of this is understanding command terms. These are precise words or phrases in exam questions that clearly outline what is required in your answers.

What Are Command Terms?

Command terms are the instructional verbs or directives found in IB Chemistry questions, guiding students on the type of response required. These can range from simple tasks like "state" or "identify" to more detailed actions such as "explain" or "analyse."

Each command term has a specific meaning, and IB examiners expect students to address them accurately in their responses. For instance, "calculate" involves showing all steps leading to the final result, while "describe" calls for a clear explanation of a chemical concept or process.

Given that exams account for approximately 80% of the total mark in most IB subjects, it’s crucial for students to be well-acquainted with these terms to optimise their exam performance.

💡Check out our blog for a full breakdown of how the IB is graded.

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IB Chemistry Command Terms

Command Term	Description
Analyse	Break down in order to bring out the essential elements or structure.
Annotate	Add brief notes to a diagram or graph.
Apply	Use an idea, equation, principle, theory or law in relation to a given problem or issue.
Calculate	Obtain a numerical answer showing the relevant stages in the working.
Classify	Arrange or order by class or category.
Comment	Give a judgment based on a given statement or result of a calculation.
Compare	Give an account of the similarities between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout.
Compare and contrast	Give an account of similarities and differences between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout.
Construct	Display information in a diagrammatic or logical form.
Deduce	Reach a conclusion from the information given.
Define	Give the precise meaning of a word, phrase, concept or physical quantity.
Demonstrate	Make clear by reasoning or evidence, illustrating with examples or practical application.
Derive	Manipulate a mathematical relationship to give a new equation or relationship.
Describe	Give a detailed account.
Design	Produce a plan, simulation or model.
Determine	Obtain the only possible answer.
Discuss	Offer a considered and balanced review that includes a range of arguments, factors or hypotheses. Opinions or conclusions should be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.
Distinguish	Make clear the differences between two or more concepts or items.
Draw	Represent by means of a labelled, accurate diagram or graph, using a pencil. A ruler (straight edge) should be used for straight lines. Diagrams should be drawn to scale. Graphs should have points correctly plotted (if appropriate) and joined in a straight line or smooth curve.
Estimate	Obtain an approximate value.
Evaluate	Make an appraisal by weighing up the strengths and limitations.
Examine	Consider an argument or concept in a way that uncovers the assumptions and interrelationships of the issue.
Explain	Give a detailed account including reasons or causes.
Explore	Undertake a systematic process of discovery.
Formula	Express precisely and systematically the relevant concept(s) or argument(s).
Identify	Provide an answer from a number of possibilities.
Interpret	Use knowledge and understanding to recognize trends and draw conclusions from given information.
Justify	Give valid reasons or evidence to support an answer or conclusion.
Label	Add labels to a diagram.
List	Give a sequence of brief answers with no explanation.
Measure	Obtain a value for a quantity.
Outline	Give a brief account or summary.
Predict	Give an expected result.
Show	Give the steps in a calculation or derivation.
Sketch	Represent by means of a diagram or graph (labelled as appropriate). The sketch should give a general idea of the required shape or relationship, and should include relevant features.
Solve	Obtain the answer(s) using algebraic and/or numerical and/or graphical methods.
State	Give a specific name, value or other brief answer without explanation or calculation.
Suggest	Propose a solution, hypothesis or other possible answer.

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Why Are Command Terms Important?

Clear Understanding of Requirements:
- Command terms clearly outline what the question is asking for. Misinterpreting or overlooking them can lead to incomplete or incorrect answers, even if your understanding of chemistry is otherwise strong.
Effective Time Management:
- Recognising the command term early allows you to structure your response with the appropriate level of detail, helping you avoid wasting time on unnecessary explanations.
Maximising Marks:
- IB examiners assess answers based on how well they meet the specific requirements of the question. Addressing command terms accurately ensures you cover all necessary criteria to achieve full marks.

Study and Exam Tips for IB Chemistry

Mastering command terms is just one step towards excelling in IB Chemistry. Here are some additional strategies to ensure you’re fully prepared:

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Practice Past Papers:

Get accustomed to how command terms are used in IB Chemistry exams by working through past papers. Pay attention to how questions are structured and the corresponding mark schemes.

After interviewing over 500 IB tutors, one piece of advice stood out above the rest: the best way to prepare for IB exams is by practicing past papers.

Create a Command Term Glossary:

Compile a list of all command terms along with their definitions. Use flashcards or a single document and review them regularly to solidify your understanding.

Get The Complete List of All IB Command Terms

Do you want to get a 7? Understanding all the IB command terms are critical to doing well in the IB exams

Understand the Mark Schemes:

Study how marks are awarded for different questions. This will help you gauge the level of detail and explanation required for each command term.

Show All Working:

Even for straightforward questions, always include your reasoning and calculations. This is particularly crucial for terms like "justify" or "explain."

Practice Under Timed Conditions:

Simulate exam conditions by timing your practice. Train yourself to quickly identify the command term and tailor your response accordingly. This will improve your efficiency during the actual exam.

Seek Feedback:

When practising, ask your teacher or tutor to evaluate whether your answers align with the command terms. Constructive feedback will help you refine your technique.

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Conclusion

Understanding command terms is an essential part of succeeding in IB Chemistry. These terms not only guide your responses but also help you focus on what examiners are looking for. However, this is just one piece of the puzzle. Combine this knowledge with consistent practice and a thorough understanding of chemical concepts, and you’ll be well on your way to achieving top marks in IB Chemistry.